What is SSH?

SSH or Secure Shell is a network protocol which allows data to be exchanged using a secure channel between two networked devices. SSH is a UNIX command which allows you to control web server remotely. There are two major versions namely SSH1 and SSH2. This is used primarily on Unix and Linux based systems in order to access shell accounts. SSH was designed as a replacement of Telnet and other insecure remote shells which sends information specially passwords in plain text rendering them prone to packet analysis. Whereas the encryption used by SSH is dedicated to confidentiality and integrity of data over an insecure network.

Definition: SSH uses public-key cryptography to authenticate the remote computer and allow the remote computer to authenticate the user if necessary. SSH uses client-server model. SSH is typically used to log in remote machine and execute commands. In addition to this it also supports tunneling, forwarding TCP Ports and X11 connections which can transfer files using the associated SFTP or SCP protocols. SSH servers are assigned in the standard TCP port 22. SSH client is used to establish connection to SSH daemon, both are commonly present in modern OS which includes Mac OS X, Linux, FreeBSD, Solaris and OpenVMS.

History: The first version of SSH was first developed in 1995 which is now called SSH1 for password protection, the main goal is to replace earlier rlogin, Telnet and rsh protocols which did not provide guarantee confidentiality. After the development of SSH it has grown to 20,000 users in fifty countries at the end of 1995. At present there are millions of SSH users.

OpenSSH and OSSH: Developers wanted free software version so in 1999 released open source license. OSSH was subsequently developed then. As of now OpenSSH is the single most popular SSH implementation which large of operating system uses.

Uses:

SSH is a protocol that can be used for many applications across many platforms, it is used for

• Login to shell on a remote host
• Execute a single command on a remote host
• Secure file transfer
• Backup, copy and mirror files efficiently and securely
• Forwarding and tunneling a port
• For using a full-fledged encrypted VPN only with OpenSSH.
• Forwarding from a remote host
• Browsing the web through an encrypted proxy connection
• Mounting a directory securely on a remote server as a file system
• Automated remote monitoring and management of servers
• Secure collaboration of multiple SSH shell channel users where session transfer, swap, sharing and recovery of disconnected sessions is possible.

File transfer Protocols using SSH:

We can transfer our files using secure shell protocols by multiple mechanisms,

• SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)
• Secure Copy (SCP)
• Files transferred over shell protocol

Finally an important thing to be noted is in all version of SSH we should be careful while accepting the public key, by accepting attacker’s public key will effect to the extreme of password disclose which creates the easy way for attackers. Thus we can conclude that Just Host provides us with secure connection.

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